Gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor and steroid receptors in human uterine leiomyoma, myometrium and endometrium.

The present study evaluated the presence of GnRH-R in leiomyomas, in associated, non-involved uterine tissues (myometrium and endometrium) and the possible relationships between GnRH-R and the receptors for estrogen and progesterone in the same tissues. GnRH-R was found in all uterine tissues and both GnRH and the GnRH analog, goserelin, displaced its binding consistent with a single type of high affinity receptor (Kd approximate to 10(-8) M). GnRH-R were found more frequently in myometrium (81% of samples) than in endometrium (58%) or leiomyoma (42%). However, the mean receptor content was lowest in myometrium (139+/-19 fmol/mg protein) with both leiomyomas (288+/-77 fmol/mg protein) and endometrium (372+/-96 fmol/mg protein) having significantly higher values. Endometrial GnRH binding varied from 596+/-42 in uteri that were GnRH-R positive in the endothelium alone to 231+/-49 when GnRH-R was present also in the other tissues. Endometrium negative for the GnRH-R had significantly higher levels of estrogen receptor than all the other uterine samples (266+/-25 vs 61+/-7.5 fmol/mg protein, respectively). Endometrial GnRH-R seem to be dependent on its presence and/or level in other uterine tissues. Further, when GnRH-R is absent in the endometrium this tissue expresses greatly increased levels of steroid receptors.