Ectopic pregnancy: evolution after treatment with transvaginal methotrexate.

A prospective study was performed with 25 patients with ectopic pregnancies (EPs) who underwent treatment with transvaginal administration of methotrexate. Nineteen patients (76%) had positive responses to this treatment, and six (24%) had to undergo surgery: five because of increasing abdominal pain and one because of vaginal bleeding. The ultrasonographic (US) resolution of the EP was long and lagged behind the resolution at testing of levels of beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) in all patients. The fallopian tube in 12 (63%) of the responding group initially increased in diameter from a mean of 2.22 cm to a mean of 3.84 cm. In 13 (68%) of the responding group, it became more vascular at color Doppler examination. Eleven (92%) of the 12 EPs that increased in size also became more vascular. The increase in tubal size and vascularity, in spite of the falling beta-hCG level, represents a healing process and should cause no concern about the follow-up of these patients.