Guillain-Barré syndrome: disease process.

Primarily a disease of the Peripheral Nervous System, GBS occurs most frequently following a viral infection. The exact cause is unknown. The diagnosis of GBS depends mainly on clinical, laboratory, and electrodiagnostic findings. Generally, the patient will present with a progressive motor weakness of more than one extremity and areflexia. There will also be a predictable progression including symmetry of motor involvement, mild sensory symptoms, and recovery. Cranial nerves as well as the ANS have also been involved in GBS. Recovery from the disease is generally good although it may take many months. Patients require extensive skilled nursing care to minister to their psychological as well as their physical needs.