Asynchronous brain-computer interfacing based on intended movement direction.

A brain-computer interface (BCI) is a technique for controlling devices with the measured human brain activities. Especially, an asynchronous BCI is one of the most important topics since practical input interfaces are incomplete without self-paced inputs. In order to construct an asynchronous BCI, it is essential to recognize the standby state, where a user enters no commands. In this paper, we propose a novel method for detecting the standby state and develop an asynchronous BCI based on event-related potentials with the intended movement direction.We conducted online experiments with developed asynchronous BCI. As a result, all three subjects showed considerable recognition accuracies.