Advances in medical sciences · 2026
Transplantation of undifferentiated and differentiated neural precursors towards Schwann-like phenotype in a model of acute spinal cord injury.
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Rodríguez-Baeza Marcela María José, Salgado-Ceballos Hermelinda, Carrillo-González Nidia Jannette, Campos-Ordoñez Tania, Alvarez-Mejía Laura, Escobar-Camberos Gabriela, Gudiño-Cabrera Graciela
Аннотация
PURPOSE: Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is a severe condition that profoundly affects individuals and places a substantial burden on healthcare systems. This study assesses functional recovery in TSCI under three conditions: a sham group without transplants, neural progenitor cells (NPCs) transplants, and NPCs differentiated into a Schwann-like phenotype (dNPCs) using an olfactory ensheathing cells-conditioned medium.
MATERIALS/METHODS: An experimental model of TSCI was used, using complete transection in rats. Transplants were performed in the acute phase of TSCI using NPCs exposed to a conditioned medium.
RESULTS: The NPCs formed neurospheres and acquired a Schwann-like morphology, confirmed via GFAP and p75 immunolabeling. NPCs-transplanted rats exhibited superior motor recovery compared to dNPCs and sham groups based on the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) functional test. NPCs transplants promoted axonal regeneration and reduced lesion size. Both NPCs and dNPCs transplants reduced edema and inflammatory cell infiltration compared with the sham group. Immunohistochemistry revealed enhanced sensory neuron fiber regeneration (CGRP) and neuronal presence (NeuN) near the injury site in transplanted rats, with greater expression of p75 in NPCs-treated groups. Thus, the NPCs contributed to reduced lesion expansion, probably by releasing neurotrophic factors and forming a protective barrier.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that NPCs transplants may favorably modify the pathophysiological response to TSCI in the acute phase and improve functional outcomes, offering a potential therapeutic strategy for further investigation in chronic TSCI or its application in combined treatments.
MATERIALS/METHODS: An experimental model of TSCI was used, using complete transection in rats. Transplants were performed in the acute phase of TSCI using NPCs exposed to a conditioned medium.
RESULTS: The NPCs formed neurospheres and acquired a Schwann-like morphology, confirmed via GFAP and p75 immunolabeling. NPCs-transplanted rats exhibited superior motor recovery compared to dNPCs and sham groups based on the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) functional test. NPCs transplants promoted axonal regeneration and reduced lesion size. Both NPCs and dNPCs transplants reduced edema and inflammatory cell infiltration compared with the sham group. Immunohistochemistry revealed enhanced sensory neuron fiber regeneration (CGRP) and neuronal presence (NeuN) near the injury site in transplanted rats, with greater expression of p75 in NPCs-treated groups. Thus, the NPCs contributed to reduced lesion expansion, probably by releasing neurotrophic factors and forming a protective barrier.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that NPCs transplants may favorably modify the pathophysiological response to TSCI in the acute phase and improve functional outcomes, offering a potential therapeutic strategy for further investigation in chronic TSCI or its application in combined treatments.