Innovative myeloid ecotropic viral integration site 1-engineered exosome platform combating oxidative stress and inflammation in acute pulmonary damage.

Phosgene-induced acute lung injury (P-ALI) remains a severe clinical challenge due to the absence of targeted therapies. In this study, we developed a novel therapeutic strategy based on myeloid ecotropic viral integration site 1-engineered exosomes loaded with curcumin (Meis1-Exo@Cur). This nanotherapeutic platform exhibited potent protective effects in both cellular and animal models of P-ALI, significantly reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis while promoting tissue repair. Mechanistically, Meis1-Exo@Cur exerted its therapeutic effects through coordinated inhibition of the nuclear factor kappa-B/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways and activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, accompanied by remodeling of the immune microenvironment. These findings identify Meis1-Exo@Cur as a promising therapeutic candidate for P-ALI and provide a potential framework for exosome-based precision therapy in inflammatory lung diseases.