[Latent pneumocystis infection revealed after introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy].

INTRODUCTION

Soon after the introduction of antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection, some patients may develop an inflammatory immune reconstitution syndrome, in the presence of clinically unsuspected infection.

CASE REPORT: We describe a 31 year old patient, who presented with a lymphoid interstitial pneumonia associated with HIV infection. Unexpectedly, 15 days after the beginning of antiretroviral therapy, he developed a worsening of his respiratory function due to Pneumocystis infection.

CONCLUSION

The appearance or aggravation of pulmonary symptoms, after highly active antiretroviral therapy has been initiated should lead to suspicion of an opportunist infection. Specific sampling must be considered.