International journal of paleopathology · 2026
The presence of scurvy in Early Medieval (9th-10th centuries) Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain: Investigations at the necropolis of the Antics Jutjats Municipals (the former Municipal Courts).
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Merino Marta, Rissech Carme
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: This study investigates patterns of nutritional stress in the context of the prolonged armed conflict between Muslim and Christian groups in Early Medieval Barcelona (9th-10th centuries CE).
MATERIALS: A total of 115 individuals from the Antics Jutjats Municipals Early Medieval site in Barcelona were analysed, including 71 non-adults (0-20.99 years) and 44 adults (21-60 years).
METHODS: Morphological characteristics classified as 'Diagnostic of,' 'Highly consistent/Typical of,' and 'Consistent with' scurvy were evaluated macroscopically using a hand magnifying glass.
RESULTS: Evidence for possible scurvy was found in 12 of 87 observable individuals (13.8%): 9 non-adults and 3 adults (4 as "Diagnostic of"; 3 as "Highly consistent/typical" and 5 as "Consistent with").
CONCLUSIONS: The presence of scurvy in the analysed population reflects significant dietary stress associated with the prolonged armed conflict between Muslim and Christian groups during the 9th-10th centuries CE. The struggle for territorial control generated political instability in Barcelona, disrupting food production and distribution and contributing to nutritional deficiency.
SIGNIFICANCE: This study contributes to a better understanding of scurvy epidemiology in the Iberian Peninsula and the Mediterranean region.
LIMITATIONS: Only 115 of the estimated 460 individuals have been excavated and analysed. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment of the remaining individuals would be necessary to obtain a more accurate estimate of the scurvy prevalence of in this population.
SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH: Increase the sample using this and other sites from the same period.
MATERIALS: A total of 115 individuals from the Antics Jutjats Municipals Early Medieval site in Barcelona were analysed, including 71 non-adults (0-20.99 years) and 44 adults (21-60 years).
METHODS: Morphological characteristics classified as 'Diagnostic of,' 'Highly consistent/Typical of,' and 'Consistent with' scurvy were evaluated macroscopically using a hand magnifying glass.
RESULTS: Evidence for possible scurvy was found in 12 of 87 observable individuals (13.8%): 9 non-adults and 3 adults (4 as "Diagnostic of"; 3 as "Highly consistent/typical" and 5 as "Consistent with").
CONCLUSIONS: The presence of scurvy in the analysed population reflects significant dietary stress associated with the prolonged armed conflict between Muslim and Christian groups during the 9th-10th centuries CE. The struggle for territorial control generated political instability in Barcelona, disrupting food production and distribution and contributing to nutritional deficiency.
SIGNIFICANCE: This study contributes to a better understanding of scurvy epidemiology in the Iberian Peninsula and the Mediterranean region.
LIMITATIONS: Only 115 of the estimated 460 individuals have been excavated and analysed. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment of the remaining individuals would be necessary to obtain a more accurate estimate of the scurvy prevalence of in this population.
SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH: Increase the sample using this and other sites from the same period.