Annals of vascular surgery · 2026
Procedural and early postoperative pain after treatment of varicose veins using endovenous laser ablation with or without phlebectomy and cyanoacrylate closure.
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Balaz Peter, Rokosny Slavomir, Whitley Adam
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: To compare procedural and early postoperative pain after endovenous laser ablation (EVLA), EVLA with concomitant phlebectomy, and cyanoacrylate closure (VenaSeal).
METHODS: Consecutive patients undergoing EVLA, EVLA with phlebectomy, or cyanoacrylate closure between January 2024 and January 2025 were included. Pain was assessed using a numerical rating scale (NRS, 0-10) immediately after the procedure and at telephone follow-up 10-14 days postoperatively. Multivariable linear regression was used to adjust for baseline differences between groups.
RESULTS: A total of 392 patients were analysed (EVLA: n=190; EVLA with phlebectomy: n=109; cyanoacrylate closure: n=93). Pain scores were low across all groups, both immediately after the procedure (mean NRS 1.52) and at follow-up (mean NRS 1.43), with no significant differences between treatment modalities before or after adjustment. Concomitant phlebectomy did not increase pain. Clinical outcomes and complication rates were comparable.
CONCLUSIONS: EVLA, EVLA with phlebectomy, and cyanoacrylate closure are associated with an equally low pain burden. Pain should not be a decisive factor when selecting among established endovenous treatment modalities.
METHODS: Consecutive patients undergoing EVLA, EVLA with phlebectomy, or cyanoacrylate closure between January 2024 and January 2025 were included. Pain was assessed using a numerical rating scale (NRS, 0-10) immediately after the procedure and at telephone follow-up 10-14 days postoperatively. Multivariable linear regression was used to adjust for baseline differences between groups.
RESULTS: A total of 392 patients were analysed (EVLA: n=190; EVLA with phlebectomy: n=109; cyanoacrylate closure: n=93). Pain scores were low across all groups, both immediately after the procedure (mean NRS 1.52) and at follow-up (mean NRS 1.43), with no significant differences between treatment modalities before or after adjustment. Concomitant phlebectomy did not increase pain. Clinical outcomes and complication rates were comparable.
CONCLUSIONS: EVLA, EVLA with phlebectomy, and cyanoacrylate closure are associated with an equally low pain burden. Pain should not be a decisive factor when selecting among established endovenous treatment modalities.