Awareness regarding the epidemiology, prevention, treatment, and consequences of viral hepatitis among a predominantly young adult population in the Podillia region (Ukraine): a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE

To assess awareness of viral hepatitis A (HAV), B (HBV), and C (HCV) epidemiology, prevention, and treatment among adults in the Podillia Region (Ukraine), and identify knowledge predictors to address barriers to hepatitis elimination.

METHODS

An anonymous online cross-sectional survey evaluated 655 respondents (December 2024-May 2025) using a weighted multilevel scoring questionnaire. Separate Total Knowledge Scores (TKS) for HAV, HBV, and HCV were calculated. Predictors were assessed via multiple linear regression.

RESULTS

Inadequate knowledge (<60% score) was highly prevalent: 63.4% for HAV, 61.1% for HBV, and 68.8% for HCV. Comprehensive understanding of HCV transmission was significantly lower than for HAV and HBV (p < 0.01). Positive independent predictors of HCV knowledge included Internet use (B = 5.32), affected relatives (B = 4.53), physicians (B = 3.96), school (B = 3.09), parents (B = 2.73), and older age (B = 0.11) (all p < 0.05). Male sex independently predicted lower awareness across all three models (HCV: B = -3.60, p < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Viral hepatitis awareness is critically insufficient, particularly regarding HCV. Digital platforms and healthcare professionals are key knowledge determinants. Targeted educational interventions should prioritize these channels and specifically engage the male population to support elimination goals.