Cancer survivorship: advocacy organizations and support systems.

When oncology evolved into a specialized field of medicine more than four decades ago, the primary goals of most cancer treatment included the extension of patients' life expectancies and the occasional hope for cure. Physicians were seen as the principal and solitary advocate for patients, and information regarding cancer diagnosis, treatment, and side effects was delivered or screened by a doctor. Patient education materials were scarce, formalized support systems were nonexistent, and the future was often difficult to define. Patient advocacy has since expanded to models of self, organizational, and public policy advocacy. This article provides examples of advocacy organizations and support systems that offer guidance to providers and patients throughout the continuum of cancer care and into longer-term survival.