Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026
Comparison of prenatal self-report of tobacco use to direct measurement of umbilical cord cotinine.
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Mahabee-Gittens E Melinda, Mack Nicole, Bann Carla M, Newman Jamie E, Dai Hongying D, Zhao Junfang, Setchell Kenneth D R, Stone Lara, Ambalavanan Namasivayam, Peralta-Carcelen Myriam, DeMauro Sara B, Lorch Scott A, Wilson-Costello Deanne E, Poindexter Brenda B, Limperopoulos Catherine, Davis Jonathan M, Merhar Stephanie L
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: This study compared maternal self-reports of prenatal tobacco product use with biochemically confirmed cotinine in umbilical cord tissue in newborns exposed to opioids in utero and unexposed controls.
STUDY DESIGN: Secondary data analysis on 179 pregnant women and newborns. Chi-square and t-tests were used to compare sociodemographic factors of those who did and did not self-report tobacco use.
RESULTS: Mean (SD) maternal age was 29.5 years (5.0); 85.2% had public insurance, and 92 (51.4%) took opioids prenatally. Ninety-five (53.1%) mothers self-reported prenatal tobacco product and/or e-cigarette use, with cord cotinine detected in 98.9%. Of the 84 reporting no use, cotinine detection was 34.5%, resulting in moderate agreement (Gwet's AC1 = 0.68 (0.571, 0.788), p < 0.001). Of those reporting no use, 27 (32.9%) had cotinine detected (p = 0.038).
CONCLUSIONS: Biochemically verified cotinine detection was much higher than maternal self-reports of prenatal tobacco use. Inquiring about household and community smoke exposure may help inform optimal care.
STUDY DESIGN: Secondary data analysis on 179 pregnant women and newborns. Chi-square and t-tests were used to compare sociodemographic factors of those who did and did not self-report tobacco use.
RESULTS: Mean (SD) maternal age was 29.5 years (5.0); 85.2% had public insurance, and 92 (51.4%) took opioids prenatally. Ninety-five (53.1%) mothers self-reported prenatal tobacco product and/or e-cigarette use, with cord cotinine detected in 98.9%. Of the 84 reporting no use, cotinine detection was 34.5%, resulting in moderate agreement (Gwet's AC1 = 0.68 (0.571, 0.788), p < 0.001). Of those reporting no use, 27 (32.9%) had cotinine detected (p = 0.038).
CONCLUSIONS: Biochemically verified cotinine detection was much higher than maternal self-reports of prenatal tobacco use. Inquiring about household and community smoke exposure may help inform optimal care.