JACC. Clinical electrophysiology · 2026
Adjunctive Low-Voltage Area Ablation Reduces Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Trial Sequential Analysis.
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Virk Sohaib A, Somma Vincenzo, Kistler Peter M, Kalman Jonathan M
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Adjunctive low-voltage area ablation (LVAA) has been proposed as a substrate modification strategy to improve outcomes of catheter ablation in persistent atrial fibrillation (AF); however, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating LVAA have yielded inconsistent findings.
OBJECTIVES: This meta-analysis sought to evaluate the efficacy of LVAA in addition to pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) compared with PVI alone in patients with persistent AF.
METHODS: Electronic databases were searched from inception to September 2026 for eligible RCTs. The primary endpoint was recurrent AF/atrial tachyarrhythmia ≥12 months after index ablation. Secondary endpoints included major periprocedural complications and procedural durations. Meta-analyses were performed using random-effects models. Trial sequential analysis was performed to assess the robustness of cumulative evidence.
RESULTS: Seven RCTs comprising 1,487 participants (weighted mean age 68 years, 60% male) were included. Compared with PVI alone, PVI + LVAA was associated with significantly lower recurrence of AF/atrial tachyarrhythmia (HR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.50-0.88; I2 = 55%; P = 0.004). Trial sequential analysis demonstrated that the cumulative Z-curve crossed the monitoring boundary for benefit, supporting the robustness of the observed treatment effect. Adjunctive LVAA increased total procedure duration (mean difference: 30.5 minutes; 95% CI: 5.8-55.2; P = 0.02) and radiofrequency ablation duration (mean difference: 12.3 minutes; 95% CI: 5.4-19.1; P < 0.001) without increasing fluoroscopy time or major periprocedural complications (relative risk: 1.12; 95% CI: 0.60-2.10; P = 0.7).
CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with persistent AF, adjunctive LVAA in addition to PVI significantly reduces recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmia compared with PVI alone. These findings support electroanatomically guided substrate modification as a promising individualized ablation strategy in persistent AF.
OBJECTIVES: This meta-analysis sought to evaluate the efficacy of LVAA in addition to pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) compared with PVI alone in patients with persistent AF.
METHODS: Electronic databases were searched from inception to September 2026 for eligible RCTs. The primary endpoint was recurrent AF/atrial tachyarrhythmia ≥12 months after index ablation. Secondary endpoints included major periprocedural complications and procedural durations. Meta-analyses were performed using random-effects models. Trial sequential analysis was performed to assess the robustness of cumulative evidence.
RESULTS: Seven RCTs comprising 1,487 participants (weighted mean age 68 years, 60% male) were included. Compared with PVI alone, PVI + LVAA was associated with significantly lower recurrence of AF/atrial tachyarrhythmia (HR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.50-0.88; I2 = 55%; P = 0.004). Trial sequential analysis demonstrated that the cumulative Z-curve crossed the monitoring boundary for benefit, supporting the robustness of the observed treatment effect. Adjunctive LVAA increased total procedure duration (mean difference: 30.5 minutes; 95% CI: 5.8-55.2; P = 0.02) and radiofrequency ablation duration (mean difference: 12.3 minutes; 95% CI: 5.4-19.1; P < 0.001) without increasing fluoroscopy time or major periprocedural complications (relative risk: 1.12; 95% CI: 0.60-2.10; P = 0.7).
CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with persistent AF, adjunctive LVAA in addition to PVI significantly reduces recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmia compared with PVI alone. These findings support electroanatomically guided substrate modification as a promising individualized ablation strategy in persistent AF.