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Войти в исследования Journal of complementary & integrative medicine · 2026
Investigation of the in vivo acute toxicity and antimelanoma effects of total leaf extract from Annona muricata Linn.
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Nguyen Huynh Thao Vy, Tran Manh Hung, Nguyen Hoai Nam, Nguyen Bao Han, Lam Vy Kha, Dang Hoang Phu, Huynh Ngoc Trinh
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer associated with high mortality. This study evaluated the safety and antitumor efficacy of Annona muricata Linn leaf extract (AME) in a melanoma model in Swiss albino mice.
METHODS: Acute toxicity of AME was assessed in healthy mice. Melanoma was induced by subcutaneous implantation of B16-F10 cells into immunocompetent or cyclophosphamide-immunosuppressed mice. Animals received oral AME (200 mg/kg), topical AME (20 mg/mL), or a combination regimen (100 mg/kg orally + 10 mg/mL topically). Tumor progression was monitored weekly and histological analysis was performed at study completion.
RESULTS: The estimated LD50 of AME was 2,180.28 ± 84.76 mg/kg. B16-F10 tumor growth was detectable from Day 1 in immunodeficient mice and peaked at Week 3. Compared with the untreated group, AME treatment reduced tumor burden and delayed progression, with the combination regimen showing the most pronounced effect (p<0.01). However, histopathological analysis revealed persistent vascular invasion and subcutaneous infiltration, indicating incomplete suppression of tumor invasiveness.
CONCLUSIONS: AME demonstrated antitumor activity in this melanoma model, particularly with combined oral and topical administration. However, only a limited number of predefined dose levels were evaluated, precluding assessment of dose-response relationships and therapeutic index. These findings should be considered preliminary, and further studies are required to optimize dosing strategies and elucidate underlying mechanisms.
METHODS: Acute toxicity of AME was assessed in healthy mice. Melanoma was induced by subcutaneous implantation of B16-F10 cells into immunocompetent or cyclophosphamide-immunosuppressed mice. Animals received oral AME (200 mg/kg), topical AME (20 mg/mL), or a combination regimen (100 mg/kg orally + 10 mg/mL topically). Tumor progression was monitored weekly and histological analysis was performed at study completion.
RESULTS: The estimated LD50 of AME was 2,180.28 ± 84.76 mg/kg. B16-F10 tumor growth was detectable from Day 1 in immunodeficient mice and peaked at Week 3. Compared with the untreated group, AME treatment reduced tumor burden and delayed progression, with the combination regimen showing the most pronounced effect (p<0.01). However, histopathological analysis revealed persistent vascular invasion and subcutaneous infiltration, indicating incomplete suppression of tumor invasiveness.
CONCLUSIONS: AME demonstrated antitumor activity in this melanoma model, particularly with combined oral and topical administration. However, only a limited number of predefined dose levels were evaluated, precluding assessment of dose-response relationships and therapeutic index. These findings should be considered preliminary, and further studies are required to optimize dosing strategies and elucidate underlying mechanisms.