Transdiaphragmatic video-assisted lobectomy of caudal and accessory lung lobes: A canine cadaveric feasibility study.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the feasibility and technical outcomes of a video-assisted transdiaphragmatic (VATD) approach to perform total lung lobectomy of the caudal and accessory pulmonary lobes in canine cadavers.

STUDY

DESIGN

Cadaveric study.

ANIMALS: A total of 12 canine cadavers.

METHODS

Cadavers were randomly assigned to left caudal, right caudal or accessory lung lobectomy (n = 4/group). A cranial midline celiotomy and transdiaphragmatic approach were performed with rigid videoendoscopic assistance under standardized procedural conditions. Lobectomies were completed using an endoscopic linear stapler. Recorded variables included achievement of complete pulmonary lobectomy, surgical times, incision length, and intraoperative technical events. Staple-line integrity was assessed using an air leak test. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to evaluate results and associations with cadaver weight and body condition score (BCS).

RESULTS

Total lobectomy was achieved in 11/12 cadavers (91.7%), including all caudal lobes (100%) and three accessory lobes (75%). Mean total surgical time was 65.6 ± 26.8 min and incision length represented approximately one-third of abdominal midline length. Air leaks were identified in two accessory lung lobe lobectomies. No other intraoperative technical events were recorded. Two staple cartridges were required in 4/12 procedures (33.3%). Procedural success was not associated with cadaver weight or BCS.

CONCLUSION

A VATD approach was feasible in canine cadavers and allowed total resection of caudal lung lobes, with slightly lower success for the accessory lung lobe.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: A VATD approach provided effective hilar exposure and acceptable procedural times in this cadaveric model. Further investigation in clinical patients is required to determine safety and clinical applicability and perioperative outcomes in dogs accurately.