Journal of parasitology research · 2026
Prevalence and Type Distribution of Malaria Among Children in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
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Abate Alemayehu, Alebele Solomon, Sisay Miseganaw, Asnake Tesfalem, Munshea Abaineh
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Malaria remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children in sub-Saharan Africa. This systematic review and meta-analysis estimated the prevalence and type distribution of malaria among children in Ethiopia and species-specific patterns.
METHODS: All appropriate databases and gray literature were searched to find relevant articles. Studies reporting the prevalence of malaria among children were included. The quality of each study was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS). Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel 2016, and analysis was done using STATA 16.0 statistical software. The pooled prevalence and its associated factors of malaria were determined using a random effect model. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the Cochrane Q-test statistics and I 2 test. Furthermore, publication bias was checked by the visual inspection of the funnel plot and using Egger's and Begg's statistical tests. Subgroup analyses were conducted by region and parasite species.
RESULTS: The pooled prevalence of malaria among children in Ethiopia was 17.96% (95% CI: 11.92-24.01). Subgroup analysis showed significant regional variation (p < 0.001), with the highest prevalence in Afar (41.90%) and the lowest in Benishangul-Gumuz (3.90%). Plasmodium falciparum was the dominant species (59%), followed by Plasmodium vivax (35%) and mixed infections (6%). Evidence of publication bias and small-study effects was observed; however, sensitivity analysis indicated that the overall estimate was robust. Species-wise, pooled proportions were P. falciparum (0.59; 95% CI: 0.59-0.60), P. vivax (0.35; 95% CI: 0.34-0.35), and mixed infections (0.06; 95% CI: 0.04-0.08).
CONCLUSION: Malaria remains a major public health challenge among Ethiopian children, with significant regional and species variation. Strengthened, region-specific malaria control strategies are essential to reduce transmission and improve child health outcomes.
METHODS: All appropriate databases and gray literature were searched to find relevant articles. Studies reporting the prevalence of malaria among children were included. The quality of each study was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS). Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel 2016, and analysis was done using STATA 16.0 statistical software. The pooled prevalence and its associated factors of malaria were determined using a random effect model. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the Cochrane Q-test statistics and I 2 test. Furthermore, publication bias was checked by the visual inspection of the funnel plot and using Egger's and Begg's statistical tests. Subgroup analyses were conducted by region and parasite species.
RESULTS: The pooled prevalence of malaria among children in Ethiopia was 17.96% (95% CI: 11.92-24.01). Subgroup analysis showed significant regional variation (p < 0.001), with the highest prevalence in Afar (41.90%) and the lowest in Benishangul-Gumuz (3.90%). Plasmodium falciparum was the dominant species (59%), followed by Plasmodium vivax (35%) and mixed infections (6%). Evidence of publication bias and small-study effects was observed; however, sensitivity analysis indicated that the overall estimate was robust. Species-wise, pooled proportions were P. falciparum (0.59; 95% CI: 0.59-0.60), P. vivax (0.35; 95% CI: 0.34-0.35), and mixed infections (0.06; 95% CI: 0.04-0.08).
CONCLUSION: Malaria remains a major public health challenge among Ethiopian children, with significant regional and species variation. Strengthened, region-specific malaria control strategies are essential to reduce transmission and improve child health outcomes.