Frontiers in public health · 2026
The relationship among emotion regulation, emotional labor, and job burnout in clinical nurses.
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Zhou Mi, Wang Hongzhi, He Huan, Dai Hongliang, Yang Zanru
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To explore the cross-sectional associations among emotional regulation strategies, emotional labor, and job burnout among clinical nurses in a single-center setting, and to examine whether cognitive reappraisal moderates the association between surface acting and job burnout, thereby providing a basis for subsequent multi-center longitudinal studies and nursing management research.
METHODS: A single-center, convenience-sampled cross-sectional correlational study was conducted, enrolling 210 clinical nurses from a tertiary hospital in Jiangsu Province, China. Measures included a demographic questionnaire, the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), the Emotional Labor Scale (ELS), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Health Services Survey (MBI-HSS). Analyses were conducted using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's HSD post hoc comparisons, stratified multiple linear regression, and interaction term regression. Regression results included unstandardized coefficients (B), standardized coefficients (β), 95% confidence intervals, and diagnostics for multicollinearity.
RESULTS: Cognitive reappraisal was negatively correlated with burnout (r = -0.628, p < 0.001), while expressive suppression was positively correlated with it (r = 0.561, p < 0.001). Surface acting was strongly positively correlated (r = 0.714, p < 0.001), while deep acting (r = -0.481, p < 0.001) and emotional expression requirements (r = -0.344, p < 0.001) were negatively correlated with burnout. Regression analysis revealed that surface acting, cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression, deep acting, and emotional expression requirements were all independently associated with the composite burnout score. Moderation analysis revealed that the interaction term between surface acting and cognitive reappraisal was statistically significant (B = -0.075, 95% CI: -0.115 to -0.035, p < 0.001), with a unique incremental explanation rate of ΔR 2 = 0.015.
CONCLUSION: Among clinical nurses, cognitive reappraisal, deep acting, and emotional expression requirements were associated with lower composite scores for job burnout, while expressive suppression and surface acting were associated with higher burnout scores.
METHODS: A single-center, convenience-sampled cross-sectional correlational study was conducted, enrolling 210 clinical nurses from a tertiary hospital in Jiangsu Province, China. Measures included a demographic questionnaire, the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), the Emotional Labor Scale (ELS), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Health Services Survey (MBI-HSS). Analyses were conducted using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's HSD post hoc comparisons, stratified multiple linear regression, and interaction term regression. Regression results included unstandardized coefficients (B), standardized coefficients (β), 95% confidence intervals, and diagnostics for multicollinearity.
RESULTS: Cognitive reappraisal was negatively correlated with burnout (r = -0.628, p < 0.001), while expressive suppression was positively correlated with it (r = 0.561, p < 0.001). Surface acting was strongly positively correlated (r = 0.714, p < 0.001), while deep acting (r = -0.481, p < 0.001) and emotional expression requirements (r = -0.344, p < 0.001) were negatively correlated with burnout. Regression analysis revealed that surface acting, cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression, deep acting, and emotional expression requirements were all independently associated with the composite burnout score. Moderation analysis revealed that the interaction term between surface acting and cognitive reappraisal was statistically significant (B = -0.075, 95% CI: -0.115 to -0.035, p < 0.001), with a unique incremental explanation rate of ΔR 2 = 0.015.
CONCLUSION: Among clinical nurses, cognitive reappraisal, deep acting, and emotional expression requirements were associated with lower composite scores for job burnout, while expressive suppression and surface acting were associated with higher burnout scores.