Predictors of High Self-Efficacy in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Regression Model Analysis.

INTRODUCTION

Cardiac arrest remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation relies not only on technical proficiency but also on contextual and psychological factors. Identifying determinants of high cardiopulmonary resuscitation self-efficacy among emergency nurses and physicians is therefore crucial to improving cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance and patient outcomes.

METHODS

A cross-sectional descriptive-correlational study was conducted with emergency nurses and physicians (N = 399) from emergency and critical care units in Spain. Data were collected in February 2025 using validated Spanish instruments, including the Spanish versions of the Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Motivation Scale and the cardiopulmonary resuscitation subscale of the Basic Resuscitation Skills Self-Efficacy Scale. Predictors of cardiopulmonary resuscitation self-efficacy were examined using multiple linear regression analysis. A 95% confidence level was established, and P values < .05 were considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

Motivation (β = 0.31, P < .001), recent institutional cardiopulmonary resuscitation training (β = -0.23, P < .001), clinical experience in emergency and critical care (β = 0.12, P = .03), advanced postgraduate education (β = 0.11, P = .02), and age (β = 0.11, P = .049) were identified as significant independent predictors of cardiopulmonary resuscitation self-efficacy.

DISCUSSION: Greater motivation, recent institutional cardiopulmonary resuscitation training, greater clinical experience in emergency and critical care settings, advanced postgraduate education, and age were associated with higher cardiopulmonary resuscitation self-efficacy among emergency nurses and physicians. These findings support implementing regular training, advanced educational pathways, and workforce strategies within emergency and critical care settings to strengthen cardiopulmonary resuscitation preparedness and improve the quality of care for patients who experience cardiac arrest.