Epiduroscopic decompression of a symptomatic perineural cyst: A case report.

RationalePerineural cysts in the spinal canal are usually asymptomatic. However, symptoms can occur when the cyst becomes large enough to compress a nerve root. There are still no established treatment options for this disease. In this report, we describe a case of successful decompression of the large symptomatic perineural cyst using epiduroscope.Patient concernsA 42-year-old male patient visited our pain center complaining of discomfort and pain in his right posterior thigh. Magnetic resonance imaging of the patient showed a large perineural cyst (53 × 31 × 21 mm) compressing the right S1 nerve. No other abnormalities that would explain the patient's symptoms were identified.DiagnosisPerineural cyst at the right S1 nerve.InterventionsWe performed an epiduroscopic decompression of the perineural cyst. After advancing the epiduroscope and locating the cyst, we used the laser to make a hole in the cyst wall. Then, the epiduroscope was advanced into the cyst, and the cystic fluid was aspirated.OutcomesThe symptoms of the patient were relieved after the procedure, without any complications. There was no recurrence of symptoms until 6 months after the procedure.LessonsThe epiduroscope is a minimally invasive method which can be used safely for decompression of symptomatic perineural cysts in the spinal canal.