Peripheral nerve disorders in instrumentalists.

I evaluated 226 instrumentalists for playing-related symptoms. There were 103 players (46%) of string instruments, 7 keyboard instrumentalists (32%), 44 players (19%) of wind instruments, and 6 percussionists (3%). The mean age was 32 years; 58% were women. Sixty-five patients (29%) had a peripheral nerve disorder; 27 had symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome; 12 had median neuropathies (carpal tunnel syndrome in 9); 9 had ulnar neuropathies; 6 had cervical radiculopathy; 5 had digital neuropathies; 3 had cranial neuropathies; and 3 had other peripheral nerve disorders. Treatment consisted of modification of playing schedules and technique, plus physical and occupational therapy in 51 and surgical procedures in 9 patients; 5 were not treated. Follow-up at 1 to 8 years showed 74% had a satisfactory result, 14% had slight or minimal improvement, and 12% had no improvement. At the time of writing, all but 4 patients remained in the music profession. It is concluded that playing-related symptoms among instrumentalists are frequently neurological in origin and that the large majority can be helped by conservative or, on occasion, surgical means.