Step-by-Step Cadaveric Dissection of the Carotid Region: Anatomical Landmarks, Surgical Exposure, and Clinical Applications.

The carotid region represents critical neurovascular spaces of the anterolateral neck, where a precise three-dimensional understanding of vascular, neural, and fascial relationships is essential for safe cervical surgery. This article describes a standardized, step-by-step cadaveric dissection protocol linking consistent anatomical landmarks to their surgical relevance. Unilateral dissections were performed on a formalin-preserved adult human cadaver using standard gross anatomical techniques. Specimens were dissected from superficial to deep layers according to a six-step sequence based on classical anatomical methodology, The protocol outlines: surface landmark identification; subplatysmal dissection and sternocleidomastoid muscle mobilization; exposure of the internal jugular vein and Farabeuf's triangle; management of venous tributaries and carotid sheath opening; carotid bifurcation exposure; and mapping of adjacent neural structures including the hypoglossal and vagus nerves, ansa cervicalis, and carotid body. This standardized cadaveric framework provides a structured approach to mastering the complex three-dimensional anatomy of the carotid region, serving as a practical educational reference for vascular, head and neck, and cervical spine surgery.