Journal of oral rehabilitation · 2026
Validity of a Single-Item Stress Measure in TMD-Pain Patients.
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Lobbezoo Rosanne V, Koutris Michail, Knibbe Wendy
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence for the observation that stress has an impact on developing and maintaining temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain. There are various self-report questionnaires available for the assessment of stress. However, completing questionnaires with several items can be time-consuming for both the patient and the clinician. Therefore, the use of a single-item stress measure could be beneficial.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the validity of a single-item stress measure in adults by comparing it to an existing, more comprehensive stress measure, as well as to other psychosocial constructs, specifically depression, anxiety and somatic symptoms.
METHODS: 822 patients who were referred to a specialty clinic for orofacial pain and dysfunction participated in this study. All patients completed a set of diagnostic questionnaires, assessing, among others, TMD symptoms, stress (PSS-4 and single-item stress measure), depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7) and somatic symptoms (PHQ-15). Correlational analyses were used to assess the associations between the single-item stress measure and each of the total scores of the PSS-4, PHQ-9, GAD-7 and PHQ-15.
RESULTS: Moderate correlations were found between the scores on the single-item stress measure and the scores on PSS-4 (0.507), PHQ-9 (0.493) and GAD-7 (0.619). The PHQ-15 was weakly correlated with the single-item stress measure (0.350).
CONCLUSIONS: The single-item stress measure is positively associated with the PSS-4 and each of the psychosocial constructs. This suggests that the single-item stress measure could be used as a valid substitute for the PSS-4, i.e., a comprehensive stress measure commonly used in specialty clinics for orofacial pain and dysfunction.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the validity of a single-item stress measure in adults by comparing it to an existing, more comprehensive stress measure, as well as to other psychosocial constructs, specifically depression, anxiety and somatic symptoms.
METHODS: 822 patients who were referred to a specialty clinic for orofacial pain and dysfunction participated in this study. All patients completed a set of diagnostic questionnaires, assessing, among others, TMD symptoms, stress (PSS-4 and single-item stress measure), depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7) and somatic symptoms (PHQ-15). Correlational analyses were used to assess the associations between the single-item stress measure and each of the total scores of the PSS-4, PHQ-9, GAD-7 and PHQ-15.
RESULTS: Moderate correlations were found between the scores on the single-item stress measure and the scores on PSS-4 (0.507), PHQ-9 (0.493) and GAD-7 (0.619). The PHQ-15 was weakly correlated with the single-item stress measure (0.350).
CONCLUSIONS: The single-item stress measure is positively associated with the PSS-4 and each of the psychosocial constructs. This suggests that the single-item stress measure could be used as a valid substitute for the PSS-4, i.e., a comprehensive stress measure commonly used in specialty clinics for orofacial pain and dysfunction.