Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association · 2026
Electrochemotherapy achieved prolonged local control of mammary adenocarcinoma in an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus).
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Impellizeri Joseph A, Di Bernardi Lisa, Milne Victoria E, Garcia Misty M, Millanta Francesca, Massaro Margaret, Sanchez Elisa B, Conforti Antonella, Aurisicchio Luigi
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Tumors in elephants present substantial therapeutic challenges because of their large size, anatomical complexity, and the risks associated with surgical intervention. Targeted electrochemotherapy (ECT) has emerged as an effective local treatment modality in both human and veterinary oncology. However, its application in exotic species has been rarely reported.
ANIMAL: An adult female Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) housed at the El Paso Zoo in Texas.
CLINICAL PRESENTATION, PROGRESSION, AND PROCEDURES: The elephant was diagnosed with a large solid tumor considered unsuitable for conventional surgical management. The animal underwent 6 cycles of ECT consisting of intratumoral bleomycin administration followed by the delivery of electric pulses according to established veterinary ECT protocols.
TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: Treatment was well tolerated, with no clinically apparent adverse effects. Effective tumor reduction was observed in response to the first 3 ECT treatments, resulting in sustained local tumor control for more than 1 year. Electrochemotherapy was feasible, safe, and clinically effective in achieving prolonged local tumor control in an Asian elephant with mammary adenocarcinoma.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report describing the use of ECT in an elephant for the treatment of a large solid tumor. The favorable clinical outcome and absence of significant adverse effects support the feasibility and potential utility of ECT as a minimally invasive treatment option for neoplastic diseases in elephants and other exotic species. Furthermore, this case exemplifies a reverse translational approach in which therapeutic strategies established in human oncology are successfully adapted to veterinary medicine.
ANIMAL: An adult female Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) housed at the El Paso Zoo in Texas.
CLINICAL PRESENTATION, PROGRESSION, AND PROCEDURES: The elephant was diagnosed with a large solid tumor considered unsuitable for conventional surgical management. The animal underwent 6 cycles of ECT consisting of intratumoral bleomycin administration followed by the delivery of electric pulses according to established veterinary ECT protocols.
TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: Treatment was well tolerated, with no clinically apparent adverse effects. Effective tumor reduction was observed in response to the first 3 ECT treatments, resulting in sustained local tumor control for more than 1 year. Electrochemotherapy was feasible, safe, and clinically effective in achieving prolonged local tumor control in an Asian elephant with mammary adenocarcinoma.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report describing the use of ECT in an elephant for the treatment of a large solid tumor. The favorable clinical outcome and absence of significant adverse effects support the feasibility and potential utility of ECT as a minimally invasive treatment option for neoplastic diseases in elephants and other exotic species. Furthermore, this case exemplifies a reverse translational approach in which therapeutic strategies established in human oncology are successfully adapted to veterinary medicine.