Phylogeny of the Inocybe asterospora group (Inocybaceae, Agaricales) uncovers cryptic diversity in warm-temperate and subtropical China.

OBJECTIVE

To assess pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) division leaders' perspectives on gender equity in their divisions and organizations.

METHODS

In 2025, we conducted a cross-sectional Research Electronic Data Capture survey distributed via email to 236 PHM division leaders. The survey consisted of 53 items on division and leader demographics, promotion, leadership, benefits, and gender-related experiences. Descriptive statistics summarized numeric responses, and qualitative content analysis identified emerging themes in free-text responses.

RESULTS

Responses from 125 PHM division leaders (53% response rate) were received. Leaders were predominately women (69%) and held PHM subboard certification (84%), with a median of 15 years of practice as a hospitalist. According to leaders, 76% of their faculty were women. No gender differences were reported in faculty rank or leadership roles. Compensation analysis by gender was reported by only 26% of responding institutions. Similarly, although wellness support was common, gender-stratified analyses of outcomes were rarely performed (19%). Mean paid parental leave offered to birth parents was 8 weeks. Qualitative analysis of leaders' suggestions to drive change toward gender equity revealed 6 major themes: (1) compensation transparency, (2) caregiver support, (3) career development, (4) countering gender bias through education and allyship, (5) fostering psychological safety, and (6) advancing institutional accountability.

CONCLUSIONS

Division leaders reported gaps in gender equity practices alongside systemic challenges in PHM. Identified priorities include transparent compensation practices, caregiver-inclusive benefits, career pathways, and leadership accountability. As the first national assessment of PHM leaders' perceptions, these findings highlight opportunities to strengthen structural support for gender-equitable advancement for all clinicians.