The Role of Piezo-Type Mechanosensitive Ion Channel Component 1 in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

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Background

Piezo-type mechanosensitive ion channel component 1 (Piezo1) is an evolutionarily conserved and multifunctional mechanosensitive ion channel protein that has been increasingly recognized for its significant role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Summary: Piezo1 is crucial in regulating intestinal barrier integrity, immune responses, and the intestinal nervous system, thereby influencing IBD progression. Its expression patterns correlate with disease severity and inflammatory markers in IBD patients, suggesting its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. Mechanistically, Piezo1 activation modulates key signaling pathways involved in IBD, such as nuclear factor kappa B, Rho-related coiled-coil protein kinase, mammalian target of rapamycin, and 5-HT signaling pathways. It primarily regulates disease progression by affecting the function of innate immune cells (macrophages, group 3 innate lymphocytes, and neutrophils) and T cells. Targeting Piezo1, through modulation of its expression or function, represents a promising therapeutic strategy for IBD. Key Messages: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of Piezo1's structure, biological functions, mechanisms of action, and clinical implications in IBD. It highlights Piezo1's potential as a therapeutic target and biomarker for this chronic gastrointestinal disorder, offering insights into future research directions and clinical applications. </p>.