Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2026
Prevalence of herpesvirus, polyomavirus, and respiratory viruses in saliva from a Quilombola community in the Brazilian Amazon.
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Pansani Wanderley, Santos Samuel Nascimento, Ramos Érica Correia, de Mello Barbara Júlia, de Abreu Jane Glébia, Fernandes Matheus Esteves, da Silva Pablo Fortunato, Silva Guilherme José Costa, de Eston Armond Jane, de Souza Vieira Stella, do Amaral Jonatas Bussador, Bachi André Luis Lacerda, da Silva Nali Luiz Henrique
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Quilombola communities, composed of descendants of enslaved individuals from Brazil's colonial period, often face limited access to healthcare, which may increase their susceptibility to viral infections. Oral transmission routes, particularly through saliva, are relevant for viruses such as those in the Polyomaviridae family. Therefore, here we aimed to investigate the prevalence of HSV-1, JC (JCV), and BK polyomaviruses, and respiratory viruses (Influenza A/B, RSV, SARS-CoV-2), as well as the salivary inflammatory profile in individuals from a Quilombola community.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Quilombola community of Mangabeira, Pará, Brazil. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 100 individuals. Oral health was assessed, and nucleic acids were analyzed using real-time PCR (JCPyV, BKPyV, HSV-1) and multiplex TaqMan PCR (RSV, Influenza A/B, SARS-CoV-2). Cytokines (IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-10) were quantified.
RESULTS: BKPyV was detected in 19%, while HSV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 were found in 3% each. No cases of JCPyV, RSV, or Influenza were detected. BKPyV infection was associated with elevated IFN-γ (p < 0.01). SARS-CoV-2 and HSV-1 infections were linked to pro-inflammatory cytokine profiles. No association was found between viral detection and tooth loss or the use of prosthesis.
CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of BKPyV and a salivary pro-inflammatory response were observed, highlighting potential oral health vulnerabilities in this underserved population.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Quilombola community of Mangabeira, Pará, Brazil. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 100 individuals. Oral health was assessed, and nucleic acids were analyzed using real-time PCR (JCPyV, BKPyV, HSV-1) and multiplex TaqMan PCR (RSV, Influenza A/B, SARS-CoV-2). Cytokines (IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-10) were quantified.
RESULTS: BKPyV was detected in 19%, while HSV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 were found in 3% each. No cases of JCPyV, RSV, or Influenza were detected. BKPyV infection was associated with elevated IFN-γ (p < 0.01). SARS-CoV-2 and HSV-1 infections were linked to pro-inflammatory cytokine profiles. No association was found between viral detection and tooth loss or the use of prosthesis.
CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of BKPyV and a salivary pro-inflammatory response were observed, highlighting potential oral health vulnerabilities in this underserved population.