Ameliorative Potential of Green and Red Cabbage Extracts Against Teratogenic and Hepatotoxic Effects of Dimenhydrinate in Chick Embryo.

BACKGROUND

Dimenhydrinate (DH) is the first generation medicine used as antiemetic. It is neurotoxic in rat and chick embryos. Both green cabbage (GCbg) and red cabbage (RCbg) have many health benefits and red cabbage is also full of anthocyanins and may minimize oxidative stress in chick embryo.

MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study was designed to check the teratogenic impacts of dimenhydrinate and curative abilities of green and red cabbage extracts against dimenhydrinate in chick embryo through morphometry, histopathology and micrometry. Fertilized eggs were divided into six groups (n = 50): (1) control (Cnt), injected with 0.02 mL distilled water (2) GCbg, injected with 0.02 mL green cabbage extract (3) RCbg, injected with 0.02 mL red cabbage extract (4) DH, injected with 0.02 mL dimenhydrinate (5) DH + GCbg, injected with 0.01 mL dimenhydrinate and 0.01 mL green cabbage extract (6) DH + RCbg, injected with 0.01 mL dimenhydrinate and 0.01 mL red cabbage extract. All groups were administered on the zero day of incubation, and recovery was made on the 14th day.

RESULTS

The embryos of DH exposed group indicated significant decrease in embryonic body weight (7.71 ± 2.82 g) and liver weight (0.03 ± 0.02 g) as compared to control group (15.58 ± 0.75 g; 0.35 ± 0.01 g). The prominent morphometric malformations were amelia, phocomelia, microcephaly and microtia. The hepato-histopathologic signs include decreased hepatocytes, irregular hepatocyte cords and sinusoidal space and de-shaping central veins.

CONCUSION: This study indicated that dimenhydrinate is teratogenic in chick embryo and both cabbages have ability to decrease birth defects and red cabbage indicated more positive potential compared to green cabbage.