International journal of dentistry · 2026
Comparison of Tooth Discoloration Induced by Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Polycarboxylate Cement Containing Potassium Nitrate in the Presence and Absence of Blood: An Ex Vivo Study.
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Adl Alireza, Sobhnamayan Fereshte, Ghani Kolahloo Maziyar
Аннотация
PURPOSE: Most materials used in endodontic procedures may cause tooth discoloration. This study aimed to compare coronal tooth discoloration after application of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and polycarboxylate cement containing 5 wt% potassium nitrate (PCPN) as vital pulp therapy materials in the presence and absence of blood.
METHODS: Sixty-eight extracted human single-rooted anterior and premolar teeth were selected, prepared, and standardized to 5 mm root length. After access cavity preparation and enlargement of canals up to Glidden drills #6, cylindrical pieces of white sponge were placed into the canals up to the cementoenamel junction. Specimens were then randomly assigned into two experimental groups (n = 30 each) in which the sponge was saturated with blood or saline solution. In each group, the pulp chambers were filled with 3-mm thickness of MTA or PCPN (n = 15 each) and cavities were sealed with composite after 24 h. Eight additional teeth (four in each of the blood and saline groups) were prepared without placement of any pulp capping material. All samples were incubated at 37°C and 100% humidity. Color changes (ΔE) were measured using a spectrophotometer at baseline, 1 day, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA, one-way ANOVA, Tukey post hoc, and paired t-tests (α = 0.05).
RESULTS: A significant interaction was observed between time and groups (p < 0.001). In the absence of blood, there was no significant difference in discoloration between MTA and PCPN. In the presence of blood, MTA showed greater discoloration at 3 and 6 months compared with PCPN (p < 0.05). Tooth color change in both experimental groups increased after 1 month (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: MTA exhibited more severe tooth discoloration than PCPN when used in the presence of blood. Both materials showed increased discoloration after 1 month.
METHODS: Sixty-eight extracted human single-rooted anterior and premolar teeth were selected, prepared, and standardized to 5 mm root length. After access cavity preparation and enlargement of canals up to Glidden drills #6, cylindrical pieces of white sponge were placed into the canals up to the cementoenamel junction. Specimens were then randomly assigned into two experimental groups (n = 30 each) in which the sponge was saturated with blood or saline solution. In each group, the pulp chambers were filled with 3-mm thickness of MTA or PCPN (n = 15 each) and cavities were sealed with composite after 24 h. Eight additional teeth (four in each of the blood and saline groups) were prepared without placement of any pulp capping material. All samples were incubated at 37°C and 100% humidity. Color changes (ΔE) were measured using a spectrophotometer at baseline, 1 day, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA, one-way ANOVA, Tukey post hoc, and paired t-tests (α = 0.05).
RESULTS: A significant interaction was observed between time and groups (p < 0.001). In the absence of blood, there was no significant difference in discoloration between MTA and PCPN. In the presence of blood, MTA showed greater discoloration at 3 and 6 months compared with PCPN (p < 0.05). Tooth color change in both experimental groups increased after 1 month (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: MTA exhibited more severe tooth discoloration than PCPN when used in the presence of blood. Both materials showed increased discoloration after 1 month.