Features of morphogenesis of the tibia and the regenerate formed within it following prolonged exposure to the azo dye tartrazine and correction with sodium selenite.

Tartrazine is a synthetic dye widely used in the food industry; however, it is capable of causing DNA damage, inducing oxidative stress in cells, triggering their apoptosis. The effect of tartrazine on the bone regenerate formation remains insufficiently studied. Selenium shows promise as an antioxidant agent and has the potential to reduce tartrazine-induced oxidative stress. Thirty-six white rats divided into a control group, a group exposed to tartrazine for 60 days at a dose of 750 mg/kg, a group additionally administered sodium selenite at a dose of 40 μg/kg. On day 61, tibial perforation were induced in rats. On days 10, 24 after surgery, changes in the organometric parameters of the bone, its strength, as well as the histological structure, chemical composition of its regenerate were studied. Exposure to tartrazine was accompanied by a lag, compared with the control, in tibial mass gain, parameters of its longitudinal and appositional growth, delayed remodeling of regenerate tissues, disruption of the balance of its chemical composition, and reduced strength of the organ. The parameter values were statistically significant according to the Kruskal-Wallis test, Dunn's test showed a significant difference between the control group and group receiving tartrazine (P<0.05). The use of sodium selenite reduced the magnitude of the tartrazine exposure effect and more rapidly restored the parameter values to control levels. Prolonged administration of tartrazine leads to impaired morphogenesis of the tibia and its regenerate; however, these changes are reversible with the use of selenium-containing preparations.