Maturitas · 2026
Sarcopenic obesity trajectories during the menopausal transition in Korean women: The role of physical activity.
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Cho Yoosun, Jang Yoonyoung, Chang Yoosoo, Ryu Seungho
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: Sarcopenic obesity may worsen during the menopausal transition, but long-term patterns and the influence of physical activity are unclear. We identified sarcopenic obesity trajectories and evaluated their association with physical activity.
STUDY DESIGN: This longitudinal cohort study included 1450 Korean women aged 42-52 years who underwent health examinations between January 2012 and August 2024 and experienced menopause during follow-up.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Sarcopenic obesity was defined as skeletal muscle index <5.7 kg/m2 and body fat percentage ≥ 30%, measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Group-based trajectory modeling identified sarcopenic obesity patterns relative to the final menstrual period. Physical activity was classified as inactive, somewhat active, or active (<600, 600-2999, or ≥ 3000 metabolic equivalent of task minutes/week). Multinomial logistic regression assessed associations with trajectory membership.
RESULTS: Median follow-up was 10.6 years. Mean annual changes from 11 years before to 9 years after the final menstrual period were 0.215 percentage points in body fat, 0.038 kg/m2 for body mass index, and - 0.011 kg/m2 for skeletal muscle mass index. Three trajectories were identified: stable low-risk (82.6%), peri-menopausal onset (6.0%), and post-menopausal progressive (11.4%). Compared with inactive women, somewhat active women had lower risk of peri-menopausal onset (odds ratio 0.42; 95% confidence interval 0.25-0.71), while active women had lower risk of post-menopausal progression (0.39; 0.20-0.75; P for trend = 0.007).
CONCLUSION: One-fifth of women experienced adverse sarcopenic obesity trajectories during the menopausal transition. Being somewhat active or active was associated with a lower risk of this, supporting physical activity promotion during this period.
STUDY DESIGN: This longitudinal cohort study included 1450 Korean women aged 42-52 years who underwent health examinations between January 2012 and August 2024 and experienced menopause during follow-up.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Sarcopenic obesity was defined as skeletal muscle index <5.7 kg/m2 and body fat percentage ≥ 30%, measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Group-based trajectory modeling identified sarcopenic obesity patterns relative to the final menstrual period. Physical activity was classified as inactive, somewhat active, or active (<600, 600-2999, or ≥ 3000 metabolic equivalent of task minutes/week). Multinomial logistic regression assessed associations with trajectory membership.
RESULTS: Median follow-up was 10.6 years. Mean annual changes from 11 years before to 9 years after the final menstrual period were 0.215 percentage points in body fat, 0.038 kg/m2 for body mass index, and - 0.011 kg/m2 for skeletal muscle mass index. Three trajectories were identified: stable low-risk (82.6%), peri-menopausal onset (6.0%), and post-menopausal progressive (11.4%). Compared with inactive women, somewhat active women had lower risk of peri-menopausal onset (odds ratio 0.42; 95% confidence interval 0.25-0.71), while active women had lower risk of post-menopausal progression (0.39; 0.20-0.75; P for trend = 0.007).
CONCLUSION: One-fifth of women experienced adverse sarcopenic obesity trajectories during the menopausal transition. Being somewhat active or active was associated with a lower risk of this, supporting physical activity promotion during this period.