Molecularly imprinted polymer/boronic acid carbon dots/bismuth vanadate-cofunctionalized Janus particles for the integrated function of adsorption-degradation-detection of tetracycline.

To mitigate water pollution, current approaches include removal, degradation, and monitoring. Tetracycline (TC) poses resistance and health risks, so material integrating adsorption, detection, and degradation is needed. In this study, Janus particles with asymmetric structure were used as carriers to achieve multi-functional partition modification. Janus particles, with epoxy groups on one side and halogen groups on the other side, were prepared by our proposed photo-initiated seed swelling polymerization. Based on the chemical structure of TC, on the rough halogen surface, the high-density TC-imprinted polymer (TMIP) was formed by SI-ATRP for specific recognition. On the smooth epoxy surface, boric acid functionalized carbon dot (CD) was grafted by epoxy-ammonia reaction to achieve sensitive fluorescence detection. Finally, a visible-light-responsive bismuth vanadate (BVO) photocatalytic layer was grown in situ on the surface of Janus particles by the hydrothermal method, endowing the Janus with photocatalytic degradation performance. With an adsorption capacity of 148.6 mg g⁻¹ , 97.5% degradation in 90 min (83.9% after 5 cycles), and a detection limit of 1.99 μg L⁻¹ over 0-45 μg L⁻¹ , the TMIP/CD/BVO@Janus effectively achieves sensitive detection, selective adsorption, and efficient degradation for TC in real water, with no side effects by LC-MS/MS, providing a new strategy for develop multi-function material for antibiotic pollution treatment.