Thyroid Disease in the Era of Obesity and Glucagon-Like-Peptide-1 Agonists.

The thyroid gland plays a critical role in regulating metabolism. Dysfunctions in the thyroid gland are closely associated with alterations in body mass index. The relationship between thyroid disease and obesity is complex and bidirectional with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism influencing body weight. In the last decade, there has been an increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer as well as the prevalence of obesity. Emerging weight loss therapies and their potential association with thyroid malignancy remains an active area of investigation. Additionally, important perioperative and surgical considerations must be addressed in patients undergoing thyroidectomy.