Journal of the science of food and agriculture · 2026
Exogenous salicylic acid promotes the accumulation of volatile sulfur compounds and anti-muscle atrophy activity in garlic sprouts.
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Hong Seonghwa, Park Samuel, Sung Jeehye, Jeong Heon-Sang, Lee Hana, Lee Junsoo
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Despite the wide use of garlic as a spice and medicinal plant, limited information is available on garlic sprouts (GSs), which are rich in bioactive sulfur compounds. Sprouting is an effective process to improve nutritional quality and functional properties by activating metabolic pathways and enhancing secondary metabolite biosynthesis. In addition, elicitation has been applied to stimulate the accumulation of bioactive compounds in sprouts. Among various elicitors, salicylic acid (SA) is a key plant signaling molecule involved in stress responses and secondary metabolism. However, the influence of SA elicitation on volatile sulfur compound (VSC) accumulation and muscle-related biological activity in GSs remains unclear. Therefore, this study examined the effects of SA elicitation during sprouting on VSC accumulation and the anti-muscle atrophy activity of GSs.
RESULTS: SA elicitation significantly increased VSC levels in GSs, as determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Notably, the content of diallyl trisulfide, the most abundant sulfur compound, increased from 1876.09 to 3775.25 μg g-1 (2.01-fold) following SA treatment. Compared with untreated GSs, 400 μmol L-1 SA-elicited GSs showed significantly enhanced anti-muscle atrophy activity in dexamethasone-induced C2C12 myotubes, as evidenced by improved muscle protection, promoted myotube differentiation, increased mitochondrial activity and ATP production, and suppressed muscle degradation.
CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate that SA elicitation effectively promotes VSC accumulation and enhances anti-muscle atrophy activity in GSs. GSs elicited with 400 μmol L-1 SA may have potential as a functional food ingredient for muscle health. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.
RESULTS: SA elicitation significantly increased VSC levels in GSs, as determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Notably, the content of diallyl trisulfide, the most abundant sulfur compound, increased from 1876.09 to 3775.25 μg g-1 (2.01-fold) following SA treatment. Compared with untreated GSs, 400 μmol L-1 SA-elicited GSs showed significantly enhanced anti-muscle atrophy activity in dexamethasone-induced C2C12 myotubes, as evidenced by improved muscle protection, promoted myotube differentiation, increased mitochondrial activity and ATP production, and suppressed muscle degradation.
CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate that SA elicitation effectively promotes VSC accumulation and enhances anti-muscle atrophy activity in GSs. GSs elicited with 400 μmol L-1 SA may have potential as a functional food ingredient for muscle health. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.