A comprehensive approach to the design and development of a low-cost semi-automatic blood pressure monitoring device for resource-constrained.

Hypertension is a major global healthcare challenge, particularly for low-income individuals who often struggle to access monitoring devices. This paper presents the design of a cost-effective, semi-automatic blood pressure monitoring device aimed at improving accessibility for these patients, thereby enhancing preventive care and reducing mortality risks. The proposed design replaces an expensive electric air pump with a manual inflation bulb, while integrating a digital display for accurate pressure readings. The system comprises three key components: a robust electronic circuit, a reliable pneumatic system, and a 3D-printed housing optimized for semi-automatic operation. A notable aspect of this work is the hardware-software integration, which utilizes an inexpensive, single-core Arduino microcontroller (MCU) to achieve precise measurements. Despite relying on affordable components, the device delivers consistent and accurate results, demonstrating the efficiency of the design. The total manufacturing cost of the device is under $8, making it a highly accessible solution for resource-constrained settings. This paper provides comprehensive details of the design and implementation, enabling researchers to replicate the device and explore further improvements, particularly in software optimization and feature expansion. By addressing both affordability and accuracy, this work offers a practical and scalable solution for blood pressure monitoring, contributing to global efforts in preventive healthcare.