Respiratory Diseases and Associated Factors among Seafood Processing Workers in Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND

Seafood processing workers are exposed to bioaerosols, seafood proteins, and chemical agents in cold and humid environments, increasing the risk of occupational respiratory diseases.

AIM: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of respiratory diseases and associated factors among seafood processing workers in Vietnam.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2025 among 576 workers directly involved in seafood processing lines at three enterprises. Data were collected through structured interviews, specialist clinical examinations (otorhinolaryngology and respiratory), and workplace assessments of temperature and humidity. Respiratory diseases were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases-10 criteria. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify associated factors.

RESULTS

The prevalence of at least one respiratory disease was 43.2%. Upper respiratory tract diseases were most common, including allergic rhinitis (27.1%), chronic pharyngitis (12.7%), and chronic laryngotracheitis (8.2%). Lower respiratory tract diseases included asthma (4.7%), bronchitis (3.8%), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1.2%). Independent associated factors were female sex (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.62), work experience ≥11 years (AOR = 1.51-1.58), frequent overtime (AOR = 1.72), smoking (AOR = 2.12), inconsistent mask use (AOR = 1.60), and cold, humid workplaces (AOR = 1.63).

CONCLUSION

Respiratory diseases impose a considerable occupational health burden among seafood processing workers in Vietnam. Preventive measures should focus on improving the workplace microclimate, strengthening personal protective equipment compliance, and integrating smoking cessation into occupational health programs.