Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practices among livestock farmers regarding ticks and tick-borne diseases in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study.

Ticks and tick-borne diseases (TTBDs) remain a major constraint to livestock productivity and a growing public health concern in tropical settings such as Bangladesh. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of livestock farmers regarding TTBDs and to identify associated determinants. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from 5 January to 15 February 2026 among 530 randomly selected livestock farmers across eight districts using a structured questionnaire, with data analyzed through descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and Spearman's correlation. Only 27.7% of respondents demonstrated good knowledge, despite a high positive attitude (85.5%) and moderately satisfactory practices (45.3%). In multivariate analysis, higher education emerged as a strong predictor of good knowledge, with graduates significantly more likely to be knowledgeable compared to those without formal education (AOR = 10.3, 95% CI: 3.33-36.4, p < 0.001), while larger herd size (>50 animals) was also associated with improved knowledge (AOR = 9.20, 95% CI: 3.15-29.7, p < 0.001). Receipt of formal training significantly increased the likelihood of satisfactory practices (AOR = 2.78, 95% CI: 1.70-4.62, p < 0.001). Knowledge showed a moderate positive correlation with attitudes (ρ = 0.574, p < 0.001) and practices (ρ = 0.410, p < 0.001). Despite generally favorable attitudes, critical gaps in knowledge and implementation persist, particularly regarding zoonotic risks and appropriate control strategies. These findings underscore the need for targeted farmer education, strengthened veterinary extension services, and integrated tick management to improve livestock health and productivity. The findings may also inform future One Health-oriented strategies for the prevention and control of tick-borne diseases in Bangladesh.