Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2026
Advances in the Antidepressant Effects of Electroacupuncture Through Regulation of Microglia-Mediated BDNF Signaling and Hippocampal Neurogenesis.
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Liu Hong, Wang Jiapeng, Yang Qinyuan, Zhang Zaixiang, Peng Zeng, Lei Xia, Zhao Yichun, Zhao Deping, Gu Jianxiong
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the regulatory network linking microglia, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling, and hippocampal neurogenesis, and to clarify the potential antidepressant mechanisms of electroacupuncture.
METHODS: We systematically reviewed and integrated recent findings from preclinical and clinical studies regarding microglial activation, BDNF/tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) signaling, hippocampal neurogenesis, and electroacupuncture intervention in depressive disorders, retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI databases up to June 2026.
RESULTS: Depression is closely associated with neuroinflammation, impaired neuroplasticity, and disrupted hippocampal neurogenesis. Aberrant microglial activation may inhibit hippocampal neurogenesis by releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines, excessively engulfing synapses, and disturbing the neural microenvironment. These pathological changes interact with dysregulated BDNF/TrkB signaling and jointly contribute to depressive phenotypes. Electroacupuncture may exert antidepressant effects by modulating microglial phenotypic transformation, suppressing pro-inflammatory mediator release, and upregulating BDNF/TrkB signaling and its downstream pathways.
CONCLUSION: Electroacupuncture may improve depression through coordinated regulation of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and BDNF-related neuroplasticity. This mechanism provides a scientific basis for further mechanistic research and clinical application of acupuncture in depression.
METHODS: We systematically reviewed and integrated recent findings from preclinical and clinical studies regarding microglial activation, BDNF/tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) signaling, hippocampal neurogenesis, and electroacupuncture intervention in depressive disorders, retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI databases up to June 2026.
RESULTS: Depression is closely associated with neuroinflammation, impaired neuroplasticity, and disrupted hippocampal neurogenesis. Aberrant microglial activation may inhibit hippocampal neurogenesis by releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines, excessively engulfing synapses, and disturbing the neural microenvironment. These pathological changes interact with dysregulated BDNF/TrkB signaling and jointly contribute to depressive phenotypes. Electroacupuncture may exert antidepressant effects by modulating microglial phenotypic transformation, suppressing pro-inflammatory mediator release, and upregulating BDNF/TrkB signaling and its downstream pathways.
CONCLUSION: Electroacupuncture may improve depression through coordinated regulation of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and BDNF-related neuroplasticity. This mechanism provides a scientific basis for further mechanistic research and clinical application of acupuncture in depression.