Cureus · 2026
Associations Between Selected Autoimmune and Immune-Mediated Conditions and Lymphoma Among Hospitalized Adults: A National Inpatient Sample Analysis.
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Ford ChiAyrsh, Suliman Abdelrazig, Barrerra Katherine K, Suleiman Nadin, Kaur Navjot
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and Sjögren's disease have been associated with lymphoma, but estimates from large, hospitalized populations remain limited. Asthma is not a classic autoimmune disease and was evaluated as a comparator immune-mediated inflammatory condition.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations of RA, SLE, Sjögren's disease, celiac disease, and asthma with the odds of a recorded diagnosis of lymphoma among adult hospitalizations in the United States.
METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using National Inpatient Sample (NIS) discharge records from 2017 to 2020. The analytic sample included 39,838 hospitalizations with lymphoma and a random sample of 39,838 hospitalizations without lymphoma. Separate and mutually adjusted logistic regression models were adjusted for documented tobacco use, HIV infection, organ transplantation, age, race, and sex. A sensitivity analysis excluded hospitalizations involving HIV infection or organ transplantation.
RESULTS: The analysis included 79,676 hospitalizations. In the fully adjusted model, lymphoma was associated with RA, with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.30 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.18-1.45; SLE, with an aOR of 2.12 and a 95% CI of 1.76-2.57; and Sjögren's disease, with an aOR of 2.35 and a 95% CI of 1.79-3.09. All p-values were < 0.001. Celiac disease (aOR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.71-1.45; p = 0.937) and asthma (aOR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.98-1.13; p = 0.134) were not independently associated with lymphoma. The sensitivity analysis showed the same overall pattern.
CONCLUSION: In this balanced inpatient sample, RA, SLE, and Sjögren's disease were independently associated with higher odds of a recorded lymphoma diagnosis, whereas celiac disease and asthma were not independently associated after adjustment. These discharge-level associations do not estimate population prevalence or incidence and should not be interpreted as evidence of causation.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations of RA, SLE, Sjögren's disease, celiac disease, and asthma with the odds of a recorded diagnosis of lymphoma among adult hospitalizations in the United States.
METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using National Inpatient Sample (NIS) discharge records from 2017 to 2020. The analytic sample included 39,838 hospitalizations with lymphoma and a random sample of 39,838 hospitalizations without lymphoma. Separate and mutually adjusted logistic regression models were adjusted for documented tobacco use, HIV infection, organ transplantation, age, race, and sex. A sensitivity analysis excluded hospitalizations involving HIV infection or organ transplantation.
RESULTS: The analysis included 79,676 hospitalizations. In the fully adjusted model, lymphoma was associated with RA, with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.30 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.18-1.45; SLE, with an aOR of 2.12 and a 95% CI of 1.76-2.57; and Sjögren's disease, with an aOR of 2.35 and a 95% CI of 1.79-3.09. All p-values were < 0.001. Celiac disease (aOR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.71-1.45; p = 0.937) and asthma (aOR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.98-1.13; p = 0.134) were not independently associated with lymphoma. The sensitivity analysis showed the same overall pattern.
CONCLUSION: In this balanced inpatient sample, RA, SLE, and Sjögren's disease were independently associated with higher odds of a recorded lymphoma diagnosis, whereas celiac disease and asthma were not independently associated after adjustment. These discharge-level associations do not estimate population prevalence or incidence and should not be interpreted as evidence of causation.