Journal of ophthalmic & vision research · 2026
Comparison Between Mohindra Retinoscopy and Wet Retinoscopy in Refraction of Infants and Children.
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Ghafoor Mousffa Abdul, Tahir Afia, Noor Shahid, Hassan Zaneera, Raees Iffa, Ruhullah
Аннотация
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the results of Mohindra near retinoscopy and wet retinoscopy in the refraction of infants and children.
METHODS: This comparative cross-sectional analytical study included 56 participants, comprising two equal groups of 28 infants and 28 children with refractive errors. Both Mohindra near retinoscopy and wet retinoscopy were performed on each infant and child. Mohindra near retinoscopy was performed first in a dark room at a distance of 50 cm with one eye occluded. Wet retinoscopy was performed after Mohindra near retinoscopy using 1% cyclopentolate hydrochloride eye drops. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for comparison between the two techniques.
RESULTS: The mean spherical values obtained by Mohindra near retinoscopy were 0.14 ± 2.97 D and 0.20 ± 3.04 D for the right and left eyes, respectively, whereas wet retinoscopy demonstrated higher spherical means of 0.52 ± 3.28 D and 0.58 ± 3.17 D. Statistically significant differences were observed between Mohindra near retinoscopy and wet retinoscopy for spherical measurements in the right (Z = -3.665, P < 0.001) and left (Z = -3.600, P < 0.001) eyes. Significant differences were also found in cylindrical measurements for the right (Z = -2.380, P = 0.017) and left (Z = -3.355, P = 0.001) eyes.
CONCLUSION: Wet retinoscopy yielded statistically significant differences in refractive measurements compared to Mohindra near retinoscopy in infants and children. Mohindra near retinoscopy underestimated hyperopic and astigmatic refractive errors. These findings suggest that wet retinoscopy remains the fundamental method for pediatric refractive assessment, particularly in infants and in cases of latent hyperopia.
METHODS: This comparative cross-sectional analytical study included 56 participants, comprising two equal groups of 28 infants and 28 children with refractive errors. Both Mohindra near retinoscopy and wet retinoscopy were performed on each infant and child. Mohindra near retinoscopy was performed first in a dark room at a distance of 50 cm with one eye occluded. Wet retinoscopy was performed after Mohindra near retinoscopy using 1% cyclopentolate hydrochloride eye drops. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for comparison between the two techniques.
RESULTS: The mean spherical values obtained by Mohindra near retinoscopy were 0.14 ± 2.97 D and 0.20 ± 3.04 D for the right and left eyes, respectively, whereas wet retinoscopy demonstrated higher spherical means of 0.52 ± 3.28 D and 0.58 ± 3.17 D. Statistically significant differences were observed between Mohindra near retinoscopy and wet retinoscopy for spherical measurements in the right (Z = -3.665, P < 0.001) and left (Z = -3.600, P < 0.001) eyes. Significant differences were also found in cylindrical measurements for the right (Z = -2.380, P = 0.017) and left (Z = -3.355, P = 0.001) eyes.
CONCLUSION: Wet retinoscopy yielded statistically significant differences in refractive measurements compared to Mohindra near retinoscopy in infants and children. Mohindra near retinoscopy underestimated hyperopic and astigmatic refractive errors. These findings suggest that wet retinoscopy remains the fundamental method for pediatric refractive assessment, particularly in infants and in cases of latent hyperopia.