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Metagenomic insights into the pulmonary microbiome of drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients.
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Lin Zhi-Ruo, Shi Ji-Chan, Qiu Chao-Chao, Wu Zheng-Xing, Lin Xiao-Qing, He Gui-Qing, Liu Sai-Duo, Du Qing-Wei, Lin Hui-Bin, Wu Lian-Peng, Sun Feng, Jiang Xian-Gao
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: While the pulmonary microbiota may influence TB pathogenesis, direct comparisons between drug-sensitive (DS-TB) and multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) patients remain scarce. This study explored microbiome differences between these groups.
METHODS: Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from 30 prospective patients (11 DS-TB, 19 MDR-TB) was analysed via metagenomic sequencing.
RESULTS: Patients with MDR-TB showed lower α-diversity and distinct β-diversity compared with patients with DS-TB. Streptococcus and Prevotella were relatively enriched in DS-TB, whereas Staphylococcus, Cutibacterium, and Mycobacterium were more abundant in MDR-TB. DS-TB showed enrichment of 45 carbohydrate-active enzyme families and core metabolic annotations, whereas MDR-TB showed enrichment of infection- and immunity-related functional annotations and a less connected taxonomic network. An exploratory random forest analysis identified six candidate genera and yielded an internally cross-validated AUC of 0.957.
CONCLUSIONS: MDR-TB was associated with lower pulmonary microbial diversity, altered community composition, and shifts in predicted microbial functions. These findings characterise lower-airway microbiome differences between DS-TB and MDR-TB and provide a basis for further validation.
METHODS: Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from 30 prospective patients (11 DS-TB, 19 MDR-TB) was analysed via metagenomic sequencing.
RESULTS: Patients with MDR-TB showed lower α-diversity and distinct β-diversity compared with patients with DS-TB. Streptococcus and Prevotella were relatively enriched in DS-TB, whereas Staphylococcus, Cutibacterium, and Mycobacterium were more abundant in MDR-TB. DS-TB showed enrichment of 45 carbohydrate-active enzyme families and core metabolic annotations, whereas MDR-TB showed enrichment of infection- and immunity-related functional annotations and a less connected taxonomic network. An exploratory random forest analysis identified six candidate genera and yielded an internally cross-validated AUC of 0.957.
CONCLUSIONS: MDR-TB was associated with lower pulmonary microbial diversity, altered community composition, and shifts in predicted microbial functions. These findings characterise lower-airway microbiome differences between DS-TB and MDR-TB and provide a basis for further validation.