Case Report: Analysis of antimicrobial therapy and pharmaceutical care of mixed Aspergillus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection following renal transplantation: a case study.

Invasive infection is a significant complication following renal transplantation. Due to long-term immunosuppressive therapy, renal transplant recipients are at high risk for fungal infections and tuberculosis, which are also major causes of mortality in this population. Triazole drugs, as first-line agents for invasive fungal infections, can cause fluctuations in the blood levels of immunosuppressants due to drug-drug interactions. Furthermore, the concomitant use of antituberculosis drugs further complicates the balance between maintaining immunosuppression and anti-infective therapy, often presenting a challenge to clinical decision-making. This article discusses the role of the clinical pharmacist in the treatment of a renal transplant recipient who developed concurrent pulmonary tuberculosis and aspergillus infection. By recommending initial regimens, adjusting doses during outpatient follow-ups, and assessing adverse drug reactions, the clinical pharmacist provided systematic pharmaceutical services. This collaboration assisted physicians in developing a personalized treatment plan, ultimately achieving favorable therapeutic outcomes for the patient.