Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026
Impact of Plant Pre-Processing on the Chemical Profile of Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) Essential Oil and Evaluation of Its Bioactive Potential.
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Silva Tarsila da C, Lemos Ari Sérgio de O, Fortes Caio Juan S, Eiriz Débora N, Coimbra Elaine S, Carvalho Lucas de A, Chedier Luciana M, Duarte Lucas M, Andrade Núbia B, Fabri Rodrigo L, Paiva Selma R de, Valverde Alessandra L
Аннотация
The chemical composition and bioactivity of essential oils depend not only on agronomic and environmental factors but also on the pre-processing of the plant material, a step that is rarely evaluated. Leaf essential oils of Psidium guajava L. were obtained by hydrodistillation from fresh or previously frozen leaves fragmented manually or mechanically, and assessed for GC-MS composition, cytotoxicity and biological activities. Fresh leaves ground in a mixer (EOFH-M) gave a sesquiterpene-rich profile dominated by β-caryophyllene and α-humulene, along with the best cell-viability profile in L929 fibroblasts and BALB/c macrophages. EOFH-M reduced nitric oxide and intracellular reactive oxygen species and showed a fungicidal effect against Candida albicans and the emerging and resistant microorganism Candida auris, whereas isolated β-caryophyllene was fungistatic. Leaf pre-processing therefore substantially influences the composition, safety and antifungal potential of P. guajava essential oil.