DNAzymes and Oligodeoxyribonucleotides Immobilized on Aminopropylsilanol and Polylysine-Anatase Nanoparticles as Active Agents Against Influenza A/H5N1 Virus.

The nanocomposites based on aminopropylsilanol (Si~NH2) and polylysine-anatase (Ans/PL) nanoparticles bearing DNAzymes (Dz) and oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ON) can effectively inhibit the replication of the influenza A/H5N1 virus in cell culture. Nanocomposites based on both types of nanoparticles exhibit high activity. The Dz-containing nanocomposites exhibited higher antiviral activity than those containing ON, reducing influenza A/H5N1 virus production by 3.5 log versus 2.4-3.0 log, respectively. Notably, the effect of Dz incorporated into the nanoparticles was an order of magnitude higher than that of unbound Dz transfected with lipofectamine. Nanocomposites carrying control DNA fragments that are not specific to the influenza A virus genome have practically no antiviral activity, indicating the specificity of the proposed nanocomposites. It was demonstrated that the antiviral efficacy of the nanocomposites is primarily determined by the activity of DNA delivered into cells, which can be varied by altering either the nanocomposite concentration or its capacity for DNA fragments. All of the proposed nanocomposites can be considered as potential antiviral drugs.