[Neurotropic disease associated with yellow fever vaccine: presentation as post-travel febrile syndrome].

The yellow fever vaccine is an essential tool for preventing yellow fever in people who live in or travel to areas at risk. It is highly effective, and serious adverse events -including hypersensitivity reactions, vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease, and vaccine-associated neurotropic disease (YEL-AND)-, are rare in relation to the millions of doses administered since their implementation. The incidence of YEL-AND ranges from 0.17 to 0.8 cases per 100 000 doses administered. The incidence is higher in males and in people over 60 years of age. YEL-AND can be manifested as meningoencephalitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, or bulbar paralysis. While it is generally selflimiting, a high level of clinical suspicion is required, along with the exclusion of other infectious causes, especially in the context of travel related fever. We report a case of confirmed YEL-AND that presented as fever in a returning traveler.