Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon) · 2026
Biomechanical analysis of trunk and spinal kinematics in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A scoping review of current efforts in three-dimensional motion capture.
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Parrett Matthew, Glaros Lincoln, Lewis Jessica, Rowan Mallory, Chambers Reid, Kadado Allen, Tabaie Sean, Tulchin-Francis Kirsten
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: This review presents current literature describing trunk motion in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) using three-dimensional motion capture.
METHODS: A search of the PubMed and Google Scholar databases identified studies evaluating trunk kinematics in AIS. Data extracted included study demographics, participant characteristics, experimental tasks, biomechanical models, and variables reported.
FINDINGS: Thirty studies comprised of 999 AIS participants met inclusion criteria. The majority investigated gait (n = 22), with smaller subsets assessing uniplanar trunk motion, balance, or respiration. Sixteen studies employed single-segment trunk models, while fourteen utilized multi-segment approaches, most often dividing the trunk into thoracic and lumbar regions. The most frequently reported outcomes were trunk range of motion and dynamic spinal alignment across the gait cycle, with fewer studies quantifying intersegmental coordination. Surgical correction consistently improved dynamic trunk symmetry and coronal alignment, with moderate reductions in range of motion; anterior vertebral body tethering preserved greater motion than posterior spinal fusion.
INTERPRETATION: Three-dimensional motion analysis in AIS reveals consistent improvements in trunk symmetry following surgery but highlights wide methodological variability and limited task diversity. Standardized multi-segment spine models and inclusion of higher-demand, functionally relevant tasks are needed to enhance the biomechanical and clinical interpretation of trunk motion in scoliosis management.
METHODS: A search of the PubMed and Google Scholar databases identified studies evaluating trunk kinematics in AIS. Data extracted included study demographics, participant characteristics, experimental tasks, biomechanical models, and variables reported.
FINDINGS: Thirty studies comprised of 999 AIS participants met inclusion criteria. The majority investigated gait (n = 22), with smaller subsets assessing uniplanar trunk motion, balance, or respiration. Sixteen studies employed single-segment trunk models, while fourteen utilized multi-segment approaches, most often dividing the trunk into thoracic and lumbar regions. The most frequently reported outcomes were trunk range of motion and dynamic spinal alignment across the gait cycle, with fewer studies quantifying intersegmental coordination. Surgical correction consistently improved dynamic trunk symmetry and coronal alignment, with moderate reductions in range of motion; anterior vertebral body tethering preserved greater motion than posterior spinal fusion.
INTERPRETATION: Three-dimensional motion analysis in AIS reveals consistent improvements in trunk symmetry following surgery but highlights wide methodological variability and limited task diversity. Standardized multi-segment spine models and inclusion of higher-demand, functionally relevant tasks are needed to enhance the biomechanical and clinical interpretation of trunk motion in scoliosis management.