Insight into heat-stressed ovalbumin covalently modified by resveratrol: Impact on the in vitro and in vivo immunological function of ovalbumin.

Heat stress (H) and covalent modification with resveratrol (RES) can significantly change the conformation of ovalbumin (OVA) and improve its processing properties, however, whether HOVA-RES affects the immunological function of OVA is still unclear. In this study, the effect of HOVA-RES on the digestion, transport, immune cell responsiveness, and allergenicity of OVA were investigated using the in vitro and in vivo models. Results showed that HOVA-RES enhanced the digestion and cellular transporter capacity of OVA, and the transported productions inhibited histamine and β-HEX release in the degranulation reaction of KU812 cells. In addition, HOVA-RES significantly reduced the OVA-specific IgE, IgG, IgG1, and mMCP-1 levels in mice sera. It also resulted in decreased secretion of Th2-type cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and, IL-13) and reduced intestinal tissue damage. Moreover, HOVA-RES modulated the composition and diversity of the intestinal flora in OVA-sensitized mice, altered the abundance of dominant genera, and improved the intestinal microecology. Therefore, HOVA-RES covalent conjugation can improve the in vivo and in vitro immunological functions of OVA, especially significantly reduce its allergenicity, which provides a new direction to develop hypoallergenic products.