Journal of equine veterinary science · 2026
Multimodal characterization of equine synovitis: Correlation between arthroscopic, histopathological, and biomarker assessments in septic vs. aseptic cases.
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Charbonnel A, Thorin C, Allain S, Guicheux J, Boutet M A, de Fourmestraux C
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Endoscopy and synovial membrane histology are complementary modalities for evaluating synovial inflammation. Cytokine involvement in non-septic arthritis is well documented but remains poorly characterized in septic synovitis.
AIMS/OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to characterize the inflammatory cytokine profile associated with septic and non-septic synovitis and assess correlations among endoscopic, histological, and synovial fluid biomarker findings.
METHODS: Three groups were defined: horses undergoing elective or therapeutic endoscopy (Group 1, n=26), horses with confirmed septic synovitis (Group 2, n=25; 20 underwent endoscopic evaluation), and horses with perisynovial injuries without synovial involvement (Group 3, n=19). Synovial fluid was analysed for cell count, total protein, neutrophil percentage, and cytokine concentrations. Endoscopic and histological scores were assigned in Groups 1 and 2. Statistical analyses included non-parametric, correlation tests, and principal component analysis (PCA).
RESULTS: Endoscopic and histological scores were significantly higher in Group 2 than in Group 1 (P=.004 and P=.006, respectively). Synovial fluid cellularity was significantly higher in Group 2 (median, 19,000 cells/µL; IQR, 11,800-81,930; P<.001). IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 concentrations were significantly higher in Group 2 than in Groups 1 and 3, with IL-6 reaching a median concentration of 1,416.51 (IQR, 645.49-5,225.84) in Group 2. These four cytokines contributed most strongly to group discrimination in the PCA.
CONCLUSION: Combining endoscopic and histological evaluation with cytokine profiling provided a more comprehensive assessment of septic synovitis. IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 emerged as promising biomarkers of synovial sepsis.
AIMS/OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to characterize the inflammatory cytokine profile associated with septic and non-septic synovitis and assess correlations among endoscopic, histological, and synovial fluid biomarker findings.
METHODS: Three groups were defined: horses undergoing elective or therapeutic endoscopy (Group 1, n=26), horses with confirmed septic synovitis (Group 2, n=25; 20 underwent endoscopic evaluation), and horses with perisynovial injuries without synovial involvement (Group 3, n=19). Synovial fluid was analysed for cell count, total protein, neutrophil percentage, and cytokine concentrations. Endoscopic and histological scores were assigned in Groups 1 and 2. Statistical analyses included non-parametric, correlation tests, and principal component analysis (PCA).
RESULTS: Endoscopic and histological scores were significantly higher in Group 2 than in Group 1 (P=.004 and P=.006, respectively). Synovial fluid cellularity was significantly higher in Group 2 (median, 19,000 cells/µL; IQR, 11,800-81,930; P<.001). IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 concentrations were significantly higher in Group 2 than in Groups 1 and 3, with IL-6 reaching a median concentration of 1,416.51 (IQR, 645.49-5,225.84) in Group 2. These four cytokines contributed most strongly to group discrimination in the PCA.
CONCLUSION: Combining endoscopic and histological evaluation with cytokine profiling provided a more comprehensive assessment of septic synovitis. IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 emerged as promising biomarkers of synovial sepsis.