Child abuse & neglect · 2026
The structural drivers of violence against children in Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Tonga and Vanuatu: An exploratory review.
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Gilbert Katherine, Law Minhui, Doel-Mackaway Holly
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Pacific Island countries have the highest rates of violent discipline, child labour and bullying in the Asia Pacific region, yet there is limited research on the drivers of violence against children in these contexts.
OBJECTIVE: To address this gap, we explored the drivers of violence against children in the four most populous Pacific Island countries, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, as well as Tonga where Save the Children, who commissioned this review, planned to commence child protection programming.
METHODS: We undertook an exploratory literature review including both peer reviewed and grey literature and drew on a conceptual framework for understanding the drivers of violence against children which included migration; patriarchal norms and inequities; socio-economic inequities, including poverty; effects of globalisation including pandemics; and political and social history (Maternowska et al., 2016).
RESULTS: 33 peer reviewed, and 30 grey literature studies were included in the review. While there was varying evidence of review found evidence of each of the drivers explored, as well as emerging drivers of climate change and digitisation. While no studies provided statistical analysis of the drivers of violence across all countries, there was sufficient evidence to describe the nature of the drivers and the possible pathways through which they lead to violence against children.
CONCLUSIONS: Violence is a significant global health concern facing children and their families across the Pacific. The review suggests that there are policy actions that Pacific governments can take to acknowledge and address children's experiences of violence, fulfilling their international child rights obligations, including addressing gender norms and expanding social protection mechanisms.
OBJECTIVE: To address this gap, we explored the drivers of violence against children in the four most populous Pacific Island countries, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, as well as Tonga where Save the Children, who commissioned this review, planned to commence child protection programming.
METHODS: We undertook an exploratory literature review including both peer reviewed and grey literature and drew on a conceptual framework for understanding the drivers of violence against children which included migration; patriarchal norms and inequities; socio-economic inequities, including poverty; effects of globalisation including pandemics; and political and social history (Maternowska et al., 2016).
RESULTS: 33 peer reviewed, and 30 grey literature studies were included in the review. While there was varying evidence of review found evidence of each of the drivers explored, as well as emerging drivers of climate change and digitisation. While no studies provided statistical analysis of the drivers of violence across all countries, there was sufficient evidence to describe the nature of the drivers and the possible pathways through which they lead to violence against children.
CONCLUSIONS: Violence is a significant global health concern facing children and their families across the Pacific. The review suggests that there are policy actions that Pacific governments can take to acknowledge and address children's experiences of violence, fulfilling their international child rights obligations, including addressing gender norms and expanding social protection mechanisms.