Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001) · 2026
Retrospective Acid-Base Analysis in Dogs With Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (2003-2018): 100 Cases.
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Talts Eva-Maria, Hopper Kate, Epstein Steven E
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To describe traditional and semiquantitative acid-base analyses of dogs with gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) presenting to an emergency department.
DESIGN: Retrospective study.
SETTING: University teaching hospital.
ANIMALS: One hundred client-owned dogs with a diagnosis of GDV between 2003 and 2018.
INTERVENTIONS: None.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Dogs were included if a diagnosis of GDV was confirmed by abdominal radiographs or surgical visualization, and measurement of venous blood gas, electrolyte, and plasma lactate concentration was performed within 1 h of presentation. Traditional acid-base analysis was normal in 37% of dogs. A mixed disorder of concurrent respiratory and metabolic acidosis (22%) was the most common disorder identified, and primary metabolic acidosis occurred in 13% of animals. Hyperlactatemia was evident in 89% of all dogs, while an increased anion gap was present in only 8%. All 54 dogs included in the semiquantitative analysis had one or more abnormalities identified. The predominant acidotic processes identified were associated with hyperlactatemia (87%), unmeasured anions (50%), and hyperchloremia (28%). Alkalotic processes included hypoalbuminemia (59%) and contraction alkalosis (39%).
CONCLUSIONS: Dogs with GDV with venous blood work evaluated within 1 h of presentation have a variable acid-base balance, and traditional acid-base analysis was frequently normal. The anion gap did not reliably indicate the presence of hyperlactatemia. Semiquantitative acid-base analysis revealed that most dogs had multiple coexisting alkalotic and acidotic acid-base processes. Given the variability of acid-base balance in dogs with GDV, assessing each patient individually is essential.
DESIGN: Retrospective study.
SETTING: University teaching hospital.
ANIMALS: One hundred client-owned dogs with a diagnosis of GDV between 2003 and 2018.
INTERVENTIONS: None.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Dogs were included if a diagnosis of GDV was confirmed by abdominal radiographs or surgical visualization, and measurement of venous blood gas, electrolyte, and plasma lactate concentration was performed within 1 h of presentation. Traditional acid-base analysis was normal in 37% of dogs. A mixed disorder of concurrent respiratory and metabolic acidosis (22%) was the most common disorder identified, and primary metabolic acidosis occurred in 13% of animals. Hyperlactatemia was evident in 89% of all dogs, while an increased anion gap was present in only 8%. All 54 dogs included in the semiquantitative analysis had one or more abnormalities identified. The predominant acidotic processes identified were associated with hyperlactatemia (87%), unmeasured anions (50%), and hyperchloremia (28%). Alkalotic processes included hypoalbuminemia (59%) and contraction alkalosis (39%).
CONCLUSIONS: Dogs with GDV with venous blood work evaluated within 1 h of presentation have a variable acid-base balance, and traditional acid-base analysis was frequently normal. The anion gap did not reliably indicate the presence of hyperlactatemia. Semiquantitative acid-base analysis revealed that most dogs had multiple coexisting alkalotic and acidotic acid-base processes. Given the variability of acid-base balance in dogs with GDV, assessing each patient individually is essential.