International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2026
Recovery of Human Pegiviruses from Patients with Acute Febrile Illness and Sub-acute Central Nervous System Infection.
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Dian Sofiati, Johar Edison, Witari Diah, Sriyani Ida Yus, Dewi Yora Permata, Antonjaya Ungke, Ganiem Ahmad Rizal, Yudhaputri Frilasita Aisyah, van Crevel Reinout, Masyeni Sri, Ledermann Jeremy P, Powers Ann M, Mossel Eric C, Myint Khin Saw Aye
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To describe two cases of HPgV-1 identified during high-throughput sequencing (HTS)-based investigation of previously undiagnosed acute febrile illness (AFI) and central nervous system infection.
METHODS: RNA metagenomic HTS was applied to clinical samples that had previously tested negative by PCR targeting alphaviruses, flaviviruses, enteroviruses, herpesviruses, and paramyxoviruses. Specimens were also tested for IgM antibodies against chikungunya virus, dengue virus, and Japanese encephalitis virus.
RESULTS: A complete HPgV-1 genotype 4 was recovered from a child with undifferentiated AFI. In a middle-aged man with HIV and severe neurological disorder, complete genomes of HPgV-1 (genotype 4), HPgV-2, and hepatitis C virus (genotype 3k) were identified.
CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first report of HPgV-2 detection in Indonesia, expanding its known geographic distribution. These findings underscore the complexity of viral co-infections in immunocompromised patients and the uncertain clinical significance of human pegiviruses. This further highlights the utility of metagenomic HTS for pathogen discovery and genomic surveillance in unexplained clinical syndromes.
METHODS: RNA metagenomic HTS was applied to clinical samples that had previously tested negative by PCR targeting alphaviruses, flaviviruses, enteroviruses, herpesviruses, and paramyxoviruses. Specimens were also tested for IgM antibodies against chikungunya virus, dengue virus, and Japanese encephalitis virus.
RESULTS: A complete HPgV-1 genotype 4 was recovered from a child with undifferentiated AFI. In a middle-aged man with HIV and severe neurological disorder, complete genomes of HPgV-1 (genotype 4), HPgV-2, and hepatitis C virus (genotype 3k) were identified.
CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first report of HPgV-2 detection in Indonesia, expanding its known geographic distribution. These findings underscore the complexity of viral co-infections in immunocompromised patients and the uncertain clinical significance of human pegiviruses. This further highlights the utility of metagenomic HTS for pathogen discovery and genomic surveillance in unexplained clinical syndromes.